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Since the introduction of open-heart surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) in the 1950s, there have been major advances in surgical techniques, which have resulted in a survival rate of more than 90% in neonates undergoing these procedures. While this is good news for those born with complex CHD such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), we are increasingly aware that infants who require cardiac surgery during the first weeks after birth are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental morbidity, even accounting for those with underlying genetic problems.
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- © 2013 American Academy of Neurology
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