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Patients with bilateral vestibular loss (BVL) experience oscillopsia during passive head movements,1 e.g., walking or driving. Because their vestibulo-ocular reflex does not stabilize gaze with compensatory eye movements, patients with vestibular deficiency make refixation saccades to a target.2 Some can trigger directionally accurate “covert” saccades during head movements and “overt” saccades afterward.3 Covert saccades, with latencies as short as 70 milliseconds in unilateral vestibular loss,3 reduce oscillopsia. To clarify the underlying mechanism, we investigated the sensory inputs required to evoke short-latency catch-up saccades.
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgment: The authors thank Thomas Brandt for discussions and advice, Nicolas S. Todd for help with data analysis, and Judy Benson for copyediting the manuscript.
Footnotes
Study funding: Supported by the Betty and David Koetser Foundation for Brain Research, the German Federal Ministry of Education (grant 01 EO 0901), and the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Munich.
Author contributions: N.L. designed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, conducted the statistical analysis, and drafted and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. S.G. designed the study, interpreted the data, and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. K.J. designed the study and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. K.P.W. designed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, conducted the statistical analysis, and revised the manuscript for intellectual content.
Disclosure: N. Lehnen received speaker honoraria and travel expenses from Interacoustics and Autronic Reglersysteme GmbH and research support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Munich, and the Friedrich-Baur Foundation. She is a shareholder of EyeSeeTec GmbH. S. Glasauer receives research support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and served as a reviewer for the European Commission. He is a shareholder of EyeSeeTec GmbH. K. Jahn received travel expenses and honoraria for lectures from Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, and Medtronic. He receives research support from the German Research Foundation (DFG), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and Biogen Idec. K. Weber received funding for travel from GN Otometrics, acts as an unpaid consultant to GN Otometrics, and received funding from the Betty and David Koetser Foundation for Brain Research and Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures.
- Received December 13, 2012.
- Accepted in final form April 2, 2013.
- © 2013 American Academy of Neurology
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