March 24, 2015; 84 (12) Article
Subjective cognitive decline is related to CSF biomarkers of AD in patients with MCI
Steffen Wolfsgruber, Frank Jessen, Alexander Koppara, Luca Kleineidam, Klaus Schmidtke, Lutz Frölich, Alexander Kurz, Stefanie Schulz, Harald Hampel, Isabella Heuser, Oliver Peters, Friedel M. Reischies, Holger Jahn, Christian Luckhaus, Michael Hüll, Hermann-Josef Gertz, Johannes Schröder, Johannes Pantel, Otto Rienhoff, Eckart Rüther, Fritz Henn, Jens Wiltfang, Wolfgang Maier, Johannes Kornhuber, Michael Wagner
First published February 25, 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001399
Steffen Wolfsgruber
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
Dipl-PsychFrank Jessen
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDAlexander Koppara
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
Dipl-PsychLuca Kleineidam
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
BSc-PsychKlaus Schmidtke
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDLutz Frölich
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDAlexander Kurz
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDStefanie Schulz
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
Dipl-PsychHarald Hampel
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDIsabella Heuser
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDOliver Peters
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDFriedel M. Reischies
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDHolger Jahn
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDChristian Luckhaus
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDMichael Hüll
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDHermann-Josef Gertz
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDJohannes Schröder
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDJohannes Pantel
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDOtto Rienhoff
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDEckart Rüther
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDFritz Henn
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MD, PhDJens Wiltfang
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDWolfgang Maier
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDJohannes Kornhuber
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
MDMichael Wagner
From the Department of Psychiatry (S.W., F.J., A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), University of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.W., F.J. A. Koppara, L.K., W.M., M.W.), Bonn; Center for Geriatric Medicine (K.S.), Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg-Gengenbach; Department of Gerontopsychiatry (L.F.), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim; Department of Psychiatry (A. Kurz), Technical University of Munich; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Aachen; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.S., E.R., J.W.), University of Göttingen, Germany; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Sorbonne Universités (H.H.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris; Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (H.H.), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris; INSERM U1127 (H.H.), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry (I.H., O.P., F.M.R.), Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Department of Psychiatry (H.J.), University of Hamburg; Department of Psychiatry (C.L.), University of Düsseldorf; Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (M.H.), University of Freiburg; Department of Psychiatry (H.-J.G.), University of Leipzig; Department of Psychiatry (J.S.), University of Heidelberg; Department of General Medicine (J.P.), University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main; Department of Medical Informatics (O.R.), University of Göttingen, Germany; Brookhaven National Laboratory (F.H.), Upton, New York; and Department of Psychiatry (J.K.), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Germany. F.J. is currently with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne.
PhDSubjective cognitive decline is related to CSF biomarkers of AD in patients with MCI
Steffen Wolfsgruber, Frank Jessen, Alexander Koppara, Luca Kleineidam, Klaus Schmidtke, Lutz Frölich, Alexander Kurz, Stefanie Schulz, Harald Hampel, Isabella Heuser, Oliver Peters, Friedel M. Reischies, Holger Jahn, Christian Luckhaus, Michael Hüll, Hermann-Josef Gertz, Johannes Schröder, Johannes Pantel, Otto Rienhoff, Eckart Rüther, Fritz Henn, Jens Wiltfang, Wolfgang Maier, Johannes Kornhuber, Michael Wagner
Neurology Mar 2015, 84 (12) 1261-1268; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001399
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Abstract
Objective: To test whether, in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), different measures of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in the memory domain predict abnormal CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD).
Methods: We analyzed the multicenter baseline (cross-sectional) data of 245 patients with MCI. SCD was measured quantitatively with the Subjective Memory Decline Scale (SMDS) and qualitatively by assessing particular concerns associated with self-experienced worsening of memory. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between SCD and abnormal CSF biomarkers, taking into account objective memory impairment, depressive symptoms, and education as covariates.
Results: Abnormal CSF β-amyloid 1–42 (Aβ42) and more depressive symptoms were associated with higher SMDS scores and with the report of memory concerns. Risk of abnormal CSF Aβ42 increased by an estimated 57% for a 1-SD increase in SMDS scores and was doubled in patients who had SMDS scores >4 or who reported memory concerns, respectively. In addition, both SCD measures predicted risk of having a biomarker signature indicative of prodromal AD defined as presence of low CSF Aβ42 together with either high CSF tau or CSF phosphorylated tau 181 levels.
Conclusions: In MCI, specific aspects of SCD severity and quality are related to CSF biomarkers indicative of AD. This extends findings in pre-MCI samples and calls for an improved operational assessment of SCD in MCI. This might be useful for sample enrichment strategies for increased likelihood of AD pathology.
GLOSSARY
- Aβ42=
- β-amyloid 1–42;
- AD=
- Alzheimer disease;
- CERAD=
- Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease;
- CERAD-DR=
- Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease–Delayed Recall;
- DCN=
- Dementia Competence Network;
- FCSRT=
- Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test;
- MADRS=
- Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale;
- MCI=
- mild cognitive impairment;
- MMSE=
- Mini-Mental State Examination;
- OR=
- odds ratio;
- ptau181=
- phosphorylated tau 181;
- SCD=
- subjective cognitive decline;
- SMDS=
- Subjective Memory Decline Scale;
- TMT=
- Trail Making Test;
- WMS-LM-II=
- Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory II
Footnotes
↵* These authors contributed equally to this work.
Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
- Received August 22, 2014.
- Accepted in final form December 1, 2014.
- © 2015 American Academy of Neurology
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