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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), which is caused by the John Cunningham virus (JCV), is a rare brain disease that results in persistent neurologic disability or death. In multiple sclerosis (MS), PML is a major concern in patients treated with natalizumab, and treatment duration (more than 2 years), preceding immunosuppression, and JCV antibody serostatus are identified risk factors, which are used for risk stratification, patient monitoring, and counseling.
Footnotes
Author contributions: All authors contributed to the design of the report and fully account for all aspects of the work. Klaus Lehmann-Horn acquired and interpreted data and drafted the manuscript. Horst Penkert, Peter Grein, Ulrich Leppmeier, Sarah Teuber-Hanselmann, and Bernhard Hemmer acquired and interpreted data and revised the manuscript critically for intellectual content. Achim Berthele acquired and interpreted data and drafted the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.
Study funding: No targeted funding reported.
Disclosure: K. Lehmann-Horn and H. Penkert report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. P. Grein reports personal fees and nonfinancial support from Bayer Healthcare and personal fees from Biogen. U. Leppmeier reports personal fees from Bayer Healthcare, Biogen, Genzyme, and Novartis. S. Teuber-Hanselmann reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. B. Hemmer reports grants and personal fees from Bayer Healthcare, Biogen, Chugai, Merck Serono, Novartis, and Roche. A. Berthele reports grants and personal fees from Bayer Healthcare, Biogen, Merck Serono, Teva, Novartis, and Genzyme. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures.
- Received January 29, 2016.
- Accepted in final form April 12, 2016.
- © 2016 American Academy of Neurology
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