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July 16, 2019; 93 (3) Historical Neurology

The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008)

Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist

Mathias Schmidt, Jens Westemeier, Dominik Gross
First published July 15, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000007781
Mathias Schmidt
From the Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Germany.
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Jens Westemeier
From the Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Germany.
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Dominik Gross
From the Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Germany.
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The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008)
Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist
Mathias Schmidt, Jens Westemeier, Dominik Gross
Neurology Jul 2019, 93 (3) 109-113; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007781

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Abstract

In 2008, the internationally renowned neurologist and university professor Helmut Johannes Bauer died at the age of 93 years. In the numerous obituaries and tributes to him, the years between 1933 and 1945 are either omitted or simplified; the Nazi past of Helmut Bauer has hardly been explored. Based on original documents dating from the Third Reich and the early Federal Republic of Germany as well as relevant secondary writings, Bauer's life before 1945 was traced to gain knowledge of his exact activities and tasks during the Second World War. Bauer was actively involved in Nazi crimes. He was a member of the so-called Künsberg special command of the SS and also worked in a prominent position at the Institute for Microbiology as well as for the Foreign Department of the Reich Physicians' Chamber. After World War II, Bauer underwent denazification and, like many others, was able to pursue his further medical career undisturbed, building on the contacts he had already made during the Nazi period.

Glossary

MS=
multiple sclerosis

Footnotes

  • Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • Received December 18, 2018.
  • Accepted in final form April 14, 2019.
  • © 2019 American Academy of Neurology
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Letters: Rapid online correspondence

  • Author response: The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008): Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist
    • Mathias Schmidt, Research Assistant, Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital (Germany)
    • Dominik Groß, Professor, Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital (Germany)
    Submitted December 31, 2019
  • Reader response: The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008): Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist
    • Hansotto Reiber, Prof of Neurochemistry, ret., Neurochemistry Laboratory, UMG, University Göttingen (Goettingen, Germany)
    • Hilmar Prange, Prof of Neurology, ret., Dept. of Neurology, UMG, University Göttingen (Goettingen, Germany)
    • Erwin Volles, Prof of Neurology , ret., Dep of Neurology, Klinikum Seesen/University of Goettingen (Goettingen, Germany)
    Submitted December 10, 2019
  • Author response: The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008): Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist
    • Mathias Schmidt, research assistant, Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Germany
    • Dominik Groß, professor, Institute for the History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Germany
    Submitted August 07, 2019
  • Reader response: The two lives of neurologist Helmut J. Bauer (1914–2008): Renowned MS specialist and National Socialist
    • Steven Brenner, Retired Neurologist, Formerly St. Louis University
    Submitted July 16, 2019
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