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Abstract
The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered a global effort to rapidly develop and deploy effective and safe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations. Vaccination has been one of the most effective medical interventions in human history, although potential safety risks of novel vaccines must be monitored, identified, and quantified. Adverse events must be carefully assessed to define whether they are causally associated with vaccination or coincidence. Neurologic adverse events following immunizations are overall rare but with significant morbidity and mortality when they occur. Here, we review neurologic conditions seen in the context of prior vaccinations and the current data to date on select COVID-19 vaccines including mRNA vaccines and the adenovirus-vector COVID-19 vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S Johnson & Johnson (Janssen/J&J).
Glossary
- ADEM=
- acute disseminated encephalomyelitis;
- AE=
- adverse event;
- aHIT=
- autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia;
- CDC=
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
- COVID-19=
- coronavirus disease 2019;
- cVDPV=
- circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus;
- CVT=
- cerebral venous thrombosis;
- FDA=
- Food and Drug Administration;
- GBS=
- Guillain-Barré syndrome;
- HPV=
- human papillomavirus;
- MMR=
- measles, mumps, rubella;
- MS=
- multiple sclerosis;
- OPV=
- oral polio vaccine;
- PF4=
- platelet factor 4;
- SARS-CoV-2=
- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2;
- VAPP=
- vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis;
- YEL-AND=
- yellow fever vaccine-associated neurotropic disease
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Podcast: NPub.org/rc7ke4
COVID-19 Resources: NPub.org/COVID19
- Received March 22, 2021.
- Accepted in final form August 18, 2021.
- © 2021 American Academy of Neurology
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