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Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether application of the adult definition of silent cerebral infarct (SCI) (T2-weighted hyperintensity ≥5 mm with corresponding T1-weighted hypointensity on MRI) is associated with full-scale IQ (FSIQ) loss in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA), and if so, whether this loss is greater than that of the reference pediatric definition of SCI (T2-weighted hyperintensity ≥3 mm in children on MRI; change in FSIQ −5.2 points; p = 0.017; 95% confidence interval [CI] −9.48 to −0.93).
Methods Among children with SCA screened for SCI in the Silent Cerebral Infarct Transfusion trial, ages 5–14 years, a total of 150 participants (107 with SCIs and 43 without SCIs) were administered the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. A multivariable linear regression was used to model FSIQ in this population, with varying definitions of SCI independently substituted for the SCI covariate.
Results The adult definition of SCI applied to 27% of the pediatric participants with SCIs and was not associated with a statistically significant change in FSIQ (unstandardized coefficient −3.9 points; p = 0.114; 95% CI −8.75 to 0.95), with predicted mean FSIQ of 92.1 and 96.0, respectively, for those with and without the adult definition of SCI.
Conclusions The adult definition of SCI may be too restrictive and was not associated with significant FSIQ decline in children with SCA. Based on these findings, we find no utility in applying the adult definition of SCI to children with SCA and recommend maintaining the current pediatric definition of SCI in this population.
Glossary
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- FLAIR=
- fluid-attenuated inversion recovery;
- FSIQ=
- full-scale IQ;
- GM=
- gray matter;
- MS=
- multiple sclerosis;
- SCA=
- sickle cell anemia;
- SCI=
- silent cerebral infarct;
- SIT=
- Silent Cerebral Infarct Transfusion;
- T1W=
- T1-weighted;
- T2W=
- T2-weighted;
- TCD=
- transcranial Doppler
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Editorial, page 105
- Received June 25, 2017.
- Accepted in final form September 26, 2017.
- Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Neurology
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