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Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin are gastric mucosa–secreted neuropeptide hormones whose primary function is energy homeostasis, with widespread actions on many tissues including the hypothalamus and hippocampus. Their role in sleep and pituitary function suggested an effect in epilepsy, and elevated ghrelin levels were found in adults with controlled epilepsy.1 But subsequent studies have had confusing results, with both higher and lower ghrelin levels in adults and children with epilepsy, including lower levels in the acute postictal period.2 Weight changes, pre/postpubertal status, sample timing, and valproate use may all be confounders. Generally animal studies support a neuroprotective and antiepilepsy effect of ghrelin.3
Footnotes
Study funding: No targeted funding reported.
Disclosure: T.J. Tollefson reports no disclosures. M.J. Berg holds patents for Automated Home Medication Dispenser (4 issued patents); has been a consultant for Clintrex, LLC, and several pharmaceutical companies; has provided expert legal consultation unrelated to the current study; has received research support from Neuropace, Sunovion, Acorda Therapeutics, GW Pharma, SAGE Therapeutics, Biogen, Marinus, SK Life Science, Engage Therapeutics, Aquestive, and the US Food and Drug Administration; and holds stock/stock options in FundRx PharmAdva, LLC. Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures.
- © 2018 American Academy of Neurology
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