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March 23, 2021; 96 (12) Views & Reviews

Funding the Educational Mission in Neurology

View ORCID ProfileDavid M. Greer, Jeremy Moeller, Diego R. Torres, Madhu Soni, Salvador Cruz, Letitia Tornes, Huned Patwa, Laurie Gutmann, Ralph Sacco, Steven Galetta
First published February 8, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011635
David M. Greer
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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  • ORCID record for David M. Greer
Jeremy Moeller
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Diego R. Torres
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Madhu Soni
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Salvador Cruz
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Letitia Tornes
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Huned Patwa
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Laurie Gutmann
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Ralph Sacco
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Steven Galetta
From the Department of Neurology (D.M.G.), Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (J.M., H.P.), Yale School of Medicine/VA Connecticut Healthcare System; Department of Neurology (D.R.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (S.C.), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Department of Neurology (L.T.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami; Department of Neurology (L.G.), University of Indiana School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (R.S.), Unversity of Miami Health System; and Department of Neurology (S.G.), New York University Langone Health.
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Citation
Funding the Educational Mission in Neurology
David M. Greer, Jeremy Moeller, Diego R. Torres, Madhu Soni, Salvador Cruz, Letitia Tornes, Huned Patwa, Laurie Gutmann, Ralph Sacco, Steven Galetta
Neurology Mar 2021, 96 (12) 574-582; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011635

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This article has a correction. Please see:

  • Funding the Educational Mission in Neurology - July 26, 2022
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Abstract

Although it is self-evident that education in neurology is important and necessary, how to fund the educational mission is a frequent challenge for neurology departments and clinicians. Department chairs often resort to a piecemeal approach, cobbling together funding for educators from various sources, but frequently falling short. Here, we review the various sources available to fund the educational mission in neurology, understanding that not every department will have access to every source. We describe the multiple different teaching models and formats used by the modern student and educator and their associated costs, some of which are exorbitant. We discuss possible nonfinancial incentives, including pathways to promotion, educational research, and other awards and recognition. Neurological education is commonly underfunded, and departments and institutions must be nimble and creative in finding ways to fund the time and effort of educators.

Glossary

ABPN=
American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology;
ACGME=
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education;
APP=
Advanced Practice Practitioner;
CD=
clerkship director;
CME=
Continuing Medical Education;
CMS=
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service;
DME=
direct medical education;
eRVU=
educational relative value uni;
FTE=
full time equivalent;
GME=
Graduate Medical Education;
IME=
indirect medical education;
IT=
information technology;
LMS=
Learning Management System;
OAA=
Office of Academic Affiliation;
PD=
program director;
VA=
Veterans Affairs;
VHA=
Veterans Health Administration;
wRVU=
work relative value unit

Footnotes

  • Go to Neurology.org/Nhttps://n.neurology.org/lookup/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011635 for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • Received August 12, 2020.
  • Accepted in final form January 14, 2021.
  • © 2021 American Academy of Neurology
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Glossary
    • Introduction
    • Potential Sources of Revenue
    • Using Clinical Services to Fund the Educational Mission
    • Teaching Models to Cut Costs
    • Educational Formats and How They Are Incentivized
    • Supervision of Students and Residents in the Clinical Setting
    • Funding for Education Research
    • Alternative Methods of Teaching and Their Associated Costs
    • Alternative Methods of Rewarding and Incentivizing Educators
    • Study Funding
    • Disclosure
    • Appendix Authors
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Disclosures
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