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Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers offer a major advance in the clinical evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, research studies have reported robust assays of blood markers for the detection of amyloid and tau pathologies specific to Alzheimer disease (amyloid-β peptides, and p-tau) and nonspecific blood markers of neuronal (neurofilament light, β-synuclein, and ubiquitin-C-terminal-hydrolase-L1) and glial degeneration (glial fibrillary acidic protein) that can measure key pathophysiologic processes in several neurodegenerative diseases. In the near future, these markers may be used for screening, diagnosis, or disease and treatment response monitoring. Blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases have been rapidly implemented in research, and they have the potential to enter clinical use soon in different clinical settings. In this review, we will describe the main developments and their potential implications for the general neurologist.
Glossary
- Aβ=
- β-amyloid;
- AD=
- Alzheimer disease;
- BTI=
- Brain Trauma Indicator;
- CLIA=
- Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments;
- ECL=
- electrochemiluminescence;
- FDA=
- US Food and Drug Administration;
- FTLD=
- frontotemporal lobar degeneration;
- GFAP=
- glial fibrillary acidic protein;
- IVD=
- in vitro diagnostic;
- MCI=
- mild cognitive impairment;
- NfL=
- neurofilament light chain;
- p-tau=
- phosphorylated tau;
- t-tau=
- total tau;
- TBI=
- traumatic brain injury;
- UCH-L1=
- ubiquitin-C-terminal-hydrolase-L1
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Submitted and externally peer reviewed. The handling editors were Deputy Editor Bradford Worrall, MD, MSc, FAAN, and Assistant Editor Andrea Schneider, MD, PhD.
See page e461
- Received September 2, 2022.
- Accepted in final form January 31, 2023.
- © 2023 American Academy of Neurology
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